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Revoluční odborové hnutí
ROH, ((チェコ語:Revoluční odborové hnutí), (スロバキア語:Revolučné odborové hnutie), ''Revolutionary Trade Union Movement'' literally in English) was a national trade union centre in Czechoslovakia 1945-1990.
==Foundation==
ROH was founded in the Czech Lands in 1945, emerging out of the factory councils and workers militias that evolve out of the wake of the Second World War. Since the communists had played the leading role in anti-fascist resistance during the war, they became dominant in the trade union movement once the war ended. The communists were however not the sole political force in the initial phase of ROH, the Trade Union Department of the Communist Party was wary of 'syndicalist' tendencies in the factory councils.〔Campbell, Joan. ''(European Labor Unions ).'' Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 1992. p. 71-72, 84, 553〕〔Kaplan, Karel. ''(The Short March: The Communist Takeover in Czechoslovakia, 1945-1948 )''. London: C. Hurst, 1987. p. 53〕
In April 1946 the Slovak trade unions merged into ROH. The Slovak unions merged with their Czech counterparts, adopting the slogan "One factory - one trade union organization". However, during 1947 ROH membership in Slovakia dropped sharply for political and economical reason, ROH lost a third of its members in the area.〔〔
Antonín Zápotocký, a communist pre-war labour leader who had been imprisoned for six years during the war, became the chairman of ROH in June 1947. Evsen Erban, a left-wing Social Democrat, became the general secretary of ROH. In the leading body of ROH, the Central Trade Union Council (ÚRO), there were 94 communists, 18 Social Democrats, 6 National Socialists and 2 from the People's Party.〔〔
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